Findings from VIPRE Security Group’s Q3 Email Threat Report released

Analysing nearly two billion emails, the report finds that cybercriminals are adapting their methods to reflect changing consumer habits, alongside capitalising on evolving technology to deceive and evade getting caught.

Threat actors are increasingly hiding malicious links in Google Drive and other cloud storage spaces; PDFs as a malspam delivery tool have more than quadrupled since Q1 this year, and callback phishing and user-friendly Redline malware are on the rise. ChatGPT continues to improve phishers’ ability to dupe, and LinkedIn Slink is an unforeseen malicious workaround.

Key highlights of the report include:

• 9 million malicious emails detected in Q3 2023
• 110 million emails attributed to malicious content, 118 million to malicious attachments
• 150,000 emails displayed previously unknown behaviours.
• Threat actors favour link-based delivery (58%) over attachments (42%).
• Combined heuristic approaches detected roughly ten times more spam instances than a similar signature-based detection approach

It’s clear from these findings that email threats remain a thorn in the side of cybersecurity teams. The 150,000 emails containing newly created exploits represent a concerning shift in the landscape.

Cybercriminals are also changing their delivery methods to reflect changing consumer habits. As cloud storage services have grown in popularity, so have they developed as a malspam delivery method, accounting for 67 per cent of all malspam delivery methods in Q3 2023. Legitimate, compromised websites made up the remaining 33 per cent. 

Leveraging combined heuristics (Yara Rules) to significant effect in Q3 2023, VIPRE identified over one million spam incidents across two distinct subsets: legacy heuristic rules caught 810,000, while new heuristic rules reeled in more than 72,000. To put this into perspective, traditional, signature-based approaches identified 150,000 overall. These numbers, again, represent a shift in the email security landscape as older defensive technologies struggle to keep pace with phishing-as-a-service offerings and an onslaught of novel malware models.

Usman Choudhary, Chief Product and Technology Officer at VIPRE said, “it’s clear that the email threat landscape and cybercriminals are undergoing a period of rapid and dramatic evolution. Cybercriminals are extremely capable, informed, and effective; we mustn’t underestimate them. However, by exposing cybercriminal attack methods and trends, through this report, we aim to empower organisations to combat those who seek to do them harm. As the adage goes, one must know their enemy. This report will help the industry achieve that goal.”

The report also reveals how cybercriminals are increasingly utilising AI tools to make their emails more believable. Only recently, many, if not most, spoof emails were betrayed by poor grammar, spelling mistakes, or strange formatting. Generative AI tools such as ChatGPT have made this detection method largely obsolete; at the click of a button, cybercriminals can produce literate, well-formatted emails that few could distinguish from legitimate communications.